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Root Cause Analysis for Feedstock Quality Variability

RCA of Feedstock Quality Variability

Feedstock quality variability, a persistent challenge in petrochemical industries, can be effectively addressed with ProSolvr, a GEN-AI-powered root cause analysis (RCA) tool. This variability, which refers to inconsistencies in the physical, chemical, or compositional properties of raw materials, often disrupts operations. The consequences include reduced yields, equipment fouling, increased energy consumption, and unplanned shutdowns. By leveraging advanced RCA capabilities, ProSolvr empowers organizations to identify and resolve the underlying causes of variability with precision and efficiency.

The root causes of feedstock variability are diverse and multifaceted, often stemming from factors related to human behavior, materials, processes, equipment, and the external environment. Human factors are a major contributor, including poor supplier communication, miscommunication of feedstock specifications, and a poor understanding of quality control expectations. Operator skill level, such as lack of experience with feedstock handling and inadequate training, can further exacerbate issues. Additionally, poor handling practices at the receiving end, improper transportation methods, and incorrect blending ratios during feedstock blending processes are common operational challenges.

Material-related issues also significantly contribute to feedstock variability. Supplier quality assurance lapses, such as irregular supplier audits, lack of supplier testing standards, and inconsistent supplier specifications, directly impact feedstock consistency. Contamination, often caused by improper storage leading to degradation, along with the presence of impurities like sulfur and metals, compromises the efficiency of refining processes. Geographic inconsistency among suppliers, along with variations in crude oil grade, also contributes to feedstock quality problems. External factors such as volatility in raw material availability or disruptions in the supply chain due to geopolitical issues can exacerbate these challenges.

Machine and equipment factors are equally influential. Equipment wear and tear, particularly in distillation units, and inadequate pre-treatment systems can introduce variability. Feedstock storage systems, such as poor temperature and pressure control in tanks and insufficient tank capacity, further contribute to feedstock degradation. Inadequate maintenance of testing devices, calibration issues with quality control instruments, and errors in analytical methods or variability in lab results can lead to inaccurate readings and misinterpretation of feedstock quality. Furthermore, poor integration of monitoring technology with control systems, along with inadequate real-time monitoring and limited feedstock composition analysis, leaves organizations vulnerable to undetected issues.

On the process side, outdated or non-standard testing procedures, inconsistent sampling methods, and poor control over blending ratios compound the problem. Inadequate real-time monitoring, such as poor integration with control systems, can further prevent early detection of feedstock issues. External factors, including weather conditions such as moisture exposure or extreme temperatures, also affect feedstock quality. Extreme weather can lead to contamination and affect storage and transportation, compounding the variability problem.

ProSolvr addresses these challenges by combining Six Sigma principles with a fishbone diagram framework. It systematically categorizes potential causes across key operational areas, using GEN-AI capabilities to analyze these factors and link them directly to incidents. This process generates actionable insights, empowering teams to implement effective corrective and preventive actions. ProSolvrbs structured approach helps users dissect complex issues, uncovering actionable insights that pave the way for improved processes and long-term preventive measures.

By linking causes to incidents and delivering a clear roadmap for corrective and preventive actions (CAPA), ProSolvr transforms feedstock variability challenges into opportunities for operational excellence. Discover how ProSolvr can revolutionize your root cause analysis process and optimize petrochemical operations for sustained success.

Feedstock Quality Variability

    • Man (Human Factors)
      • Supplier Communication
        • Poor understanding of quality control expectations
        • Miscommunication of feedstock specifications
      • Operator Skill Level
        • Lack of experience with feedstock handling
        • Inadequate training
    • Material (Feedstock-Related Issues)
      • Supplier Quality Assurance
        • Irregular supplier audits
        • Lack of supplier testing standards
      • Contamination
        • Improper storage leading to degradation
        • Presence of impurities (e.g., sulfur, metals)
      • Feedstock Source
        • Geographic inconsistency in suppliers
        • Variation in crude oil grade
    • Method (Processes and Procedures)
      • Feedstock Handling
        • Poor handling at receiving end
        • Improper transportation methods
      • Feedstock Blending
        • Poor control of blending processes
        • Incorrect blending ratios
      • Testing Protocols
        • Use of outdated or non-standard testing procedures
        • Inconsistent sampling methods
    • Machine (Equipment Factors)
      • Processing Equipment
        • Wear and tear in distillation units
        • Inadequate pre-treatment systems
      • Feedstock Storage Systems
        • Poor temperature and pressure control in tanks
        • Insufficient tank capacity
      • Testing Equipment
        • Inadequate maintenance of testing devices
        • Calibration issues with quality control instruments
    • Measurement (Monitoring and Control)
      • Testing Accuracy
        • Errors in analytical methods
        • Variability in lab results
      • Inadequate Real-Time Monitoring
        • Poor integration of monitoring technology with control systems
        • Limited feedstock composition analysis
    • Environment (External Factors)
      • Market Dynamics
        • Volatility in raw material availability
        • Supply chain disruptions due to geopolitical issues
      • Weather Conditions
        • Moisture exposure leading to contamination
        • Extreme temperatures affecting feedstock transport and storage
 

Suggested Actions Checklist

Here are corrective, preventive, and investigative actions for Reactor Pressure Fluctuations which organizations may use.

    • Man (Human Factors)
      • Supplier Communication
        • Poor understanding of quality control expectations
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Organize immediate training sessions for suppliers on required quality control standards.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Develop and distribute detailed quality control guidelines to all suppliers.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Review communication logs and agreements to identify gaps in conveyed expectations.
        • Miscommunication of feedstock specifications
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Correct any erroneous specifications shared with suppliers and verify shipments for compliance.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Implement a standardized communication protocol for specification updates.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Audit past communications to determine the frequency and root of miscommunication.
      • Operator Skill Level
        • Lack of experience with feedstock handling
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Assign experienced personnel to supervise critical feedstock handling operations.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Create a comprehensive onboarding and skill enhancement program for new operators.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Analyze operator performance data to identify skill gaps.
        • Inadequate training
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Conduct refresher training focused on recent issues encountered.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Schedule periodic training and certification programs.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Evaluate the effectiveness of existing training modules against operational requirements.
    • Material (Feedstock-Related Issues)
      • Supplier Quality Assurance
        • Irregular supplier audits
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Immediately schedule and conduct audits for all suppliers.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Implement a regular supplier audit schedule with automated reminders.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Assess past audit records to identify missed audits and their impact.
        • Lack of supplier testing standards
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Specify and enforce mandatory supplier testing protocols for each feedstock type.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Require suppliers to submit certified test results with each shipment.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Investigate supplier testing processes to determine capability gaps.
      • Contamination
        • Improper storage leading to degradation
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Remove contaminated materials and ensure proper storage practices are followed.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Implement stricter monitoring and storage conditions with sensors and alarms.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Inspect storage facilities to identify specific issues causing degradation.
        • Presence of impurities (e.g., sulfur, metals)
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Purge contaminated feedstock and adjust refining parameters to minimize impacts.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Collaborate with suppliers to ensure pre-treatment processes are enhanced.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Analyze impurity trends to trace back to specific batches or suppliers.
      • Feedstock Source
        • Geographic inconsistency in suppliers
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Diversify suppliers to balance geographic risks.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Establish a supplier qualification program that evaluates geographic reliability.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Review the supply chain to identify regional constraints affecting consistency.
        • Variation in crude oil grade
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Adjust processing parameters to accommodate the current crude oil grade.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Develop and enforce specifications for acceptable crude oil grades.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Compare historical crude oil grades with processing performance to evaluate impacts.
    • Method (Processes and Procedures)
      • Feedstock Handling
        • Poor handling at receiving end
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Reorganize receiving procedures to prioritize safe and accurate handling.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Train personnel on handling protocols and enforce standard operating procedures (SOPs).
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Investigate recent incidents of mishandling to understand root causes.
        • Improper transportation methods
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Reject improperly transported shipments and demand supplier corrective actions.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Collaborate with logistics partners to establish robust transportation standards.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Analyze transportation conditions (e.g., temperature, pressure) for recent deliveries.
      • Feedstock Blending
        • Poor control of blending processes
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Halt and revalidate the blending process for current batches.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Automate blending systems to maintain strict process control.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Review blending logs and settings for deviations from standard ratios.
        • Incorrect blending ratios
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Adjust blending ratios and reprocess affected batches.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Use real-time flow meters and automated ratio controllers in blending operations.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Audit blending records to pinpoint causes of ratio inconsistencies.
      • Testing Protocols
        • Use of outdated or non-standard testing procedures
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Replace outdated testing methods with industry-standard practices immediately.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Regularly update testing protocols in line with technological advancements.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Compare old testing methods against industry benchmarks to identify inadequacies.
        • Inconsistent sampling methods
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Standardize and enforce proper sampling procedures across teams.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Implement detailed sampling SOPs and train personnel accordingly.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Review sampling records for variations and associated errors.
    • Machine (Equipment Factors)
      • Processing Equipment
        • Wear and tear in distillation units
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Repair or replace damaged components in distillation units.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Introduce predictive maintenance schedules to monitor wear indicators.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Inspect failed components to determine root causes of accelerated wear.
        • Inadequate pre-treatment systems
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Upgrade or retrofit existing pre-treatment systems.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Conduct a feasibility study for implementing advanced pre-treatment technologies.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Assess system performance and evaluate gaps against process demands.
      • Feedstock Storage Systems
        • Poor temperature and pressure control in tanks
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Stabilize storage conditions and address tank equipment malfunctions.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Install advanced temperature and pressure monitoring systems.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Investigate recent storage fluctuations for root cause identification.
        • Insufficient tank capacity
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Manage inventory to avoid overloading or stock shortages.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Plan for future capacity expansion based on demand forecasts.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Analyze storage trends and past capacity constraints.
      • Testing Equipment
        • Inadequate maintenance of testing devices
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Perform immediate maintenance on all critical testing devices.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Establish a preventive maintenance program for testing equipment.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Evaluate maintenance logs to identify missed schedules.
        • Calibration issues with quality control instruments
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Recalibrate affected instruments to restore accuracy.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Introduce periodic calibration schedules with external certifications.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Assess past calibration records to detect patterns of inaccuracy.
    • Measurement (Monitoring and Control)
      • Testing Accuracy
        • Errors in analytical methods
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Reanalyze affected samples using validated methods.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Provide training for personnel on standardized analytical procedures.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Compare analytical errors to method deviations for root cause determination.
        • Variability in lab results
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Retest samples with independent verification.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Implement cross-checking protocols across laboratories.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Investigate lab procedures for inconsistencies in sample preparation.
    • Environment (External Factors)
      • Market Dynamics
        • Volatility in raw material availability
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Source alternative suppliers to stabilize feedstock supply.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Establish long-term contracts with diversified suppliers.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Analyze historical market trends and supply disruptions.
        • Supply chain disruptions due to geopolitical issues
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Activate contingency supply agreements to maintain operations.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Build a strategic inventory buffer for high-risk materials.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Assess geopolitical risks affecting supply routes.
      • Weather Conditions
        • Moisture exposure leading to contamination
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Dry contaminated feedstock to restore usability.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Upgrade storage facilities with moisture control systems.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Evaluate storage practices during high-humidity periods.
        • Extreme temperatures affecting feedstock transport and storage
          • Corrective Actions:
            • Implement temporary protective measures for transport and storage.
          • Preventive Actions:
            • Design and utilize temperature-controlled transport and storage systems.
          • Investigative Actions:
            • Investigate the effects of extreme weather on recent shipments.
 

Who can learn from the Feedstock Quality Variability template?

  • Process Engineers: They can use RCA insights to optimize refinery operations, ensuring equipment and processes can adapt to feedstock quality variability without compromising product quality.
  • Supply Chain Managers: Lessons from RCA help them strengthen supplier evaluations, improve logistics, and establish reliable feedstock sourcing strategies to minimize supply disruptions.
  • Quality Assurance Teams: They can refine testing protocols and implement stricter quality control measures to identify and address feedstock quality variability before it impacts production.
  • Training and Development Specialists: RCA findings highlight skill gaps, enabling the design of targeted training programs to improve operator proficiency and adherence to handling standards.
  • Management and Leadership: They can leverage RCA outcomes to make informed decisions on resource allocation, supplier contracts, and investments in advanced equipment and technology.

Why use this template?

Using Six Sigma principles, a quality tool like ProSolvr ensures that organizations can come up with CAPA measures for long-term process improvement. This iterative approach to problem-solving fosters a culture of continuous improvement, reducing the likelihood of similar incidents recurring. GEN-AI-powered, visual RCA tools can revolutionize incident-driven problem-solving by offering a systematic, structured, and actionable framework.

Use ProSolvr by smartQED to address root causes like supplier miscommunication, contamination, and equipment deficiencies in your organization. Implement robust CAPA measures, ensuring both immediate resolution and long-term operational excellence in your company.

Curated from community experience and public sources:

  • https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/feedstock-variability
  • https://biomassmagazine.com/articles/feedstock-variability-causes-consequences-and-mitigation-of-biological-degradation-19639