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Root Cause Analysis for Chevron Oil Refinery Fire

RCA of Chevron Oil Refinery Fire

The Chevron Oil Refinery Fire on October 2, 2025, at the El Segundo facility in Southern California raised major concerns because the refinery supplies a large portion of the region’s fuel. The fire began in the Isomax 7 jet fuel conversion unit and was brought under control within a day, but the incident still created serious operational challenges. Events like this show how quickly refinery systems can be affected by leaks, volatile hydrocarbons and equipment stress, and why strong safety practices are essential.

When investigators study incidents like the Chevron Oil Refinery Fire, they often find multiple contributing factors. People related issues can include human error such as failure to follow lockout and tagout procedures, improper valve operation, or inadequate training that leads to poor understanding of fire suppression systems and lack of emergency response drills. Process contributors may include outdated standard operating procedures, incomplete risk assessment for hot work, and delays in maintenance scheduling or inspection. These conditions increase the chance of small problems turning into major events.

Equipment and materials often play a significant role as well. Fire detection failure can happen because of sensor miscalibration or alarms that do not work, while faulty valves or seals may be caused by corrosion or lack of condition monitoring sensors. Materials such as aging pipelines, poor material compatibility or volatile hydrocarbons can lead to leaks and high vapor pressure mixtures. Environmental conditions, including wind direction or high ambient temperature, can make containment harder and allow fire to spread to nearby units. Management factors also matter, such as underinvestment in modernization, deferred maintenance funding, insufficient safety culture and lack of an incident learning system.

A platform like ProSolvr helps organizations review all these factors in a clear and structured way. With GEN AI powered Root Cause Analysis, combined with Fishbone diagrams and Six Sigma methods, teams can easily map every cause related to people, process, equipment, materials, environment and management. Each cause can be linked to the right corrective or preventive action, which makes investigations easier to understand and improves team collaboration. This approach supports stronger long term improvements in safety, reliability and overall operational excellence.

Chevron Oil Refinery Fire

    • People
      • Human Error
        • Failure to follow lockout/tagout procedures
        • Improper valve operation
      • Inadequate Training
        • Poor understanding of fire suppression systems
        • Lack of emergency response drills
    • Process
      • Ineffective Safety Procedures
        • Inadequate risk assessment for hot work
        • Outdated standard operating procedures
      • Inadequate Maintenance Scheduling
        • Maintenance backlog
        • Delayed inspection of pipelines
    • Equipment
      • Fire Detection Failure
        • Delayed detection due to sensor miscalibration
        • Inoperable alarms
      • Faulty Valves or Seals
        • Lack of condition monitoring sensors
        • Corrosion due to chemical exposure
    • Materials
      • Poor Material Compatibility
        • Use of substandard replacement materials
        • Aging pipelines not rated for pressure
      • Volatile Hydrocarbons Leak
        • Inadequate containment systems
        • High vapor pressure mixture
    • Environment
      • Wind Direction
        • Complicated containment efforts
        • Spread of fire to adjacent units
      • High Ambient Temperature
        • Increased pressure in pipelines
        • Accelerated vapor formation
    • Management
      • Inadequate Budget Allocation
        • Underinvestment in modernization
        • Deferred maintenance funding
      • Insufficient Safety Culture
        • Lack of incident learning system
        • Focus on production over safety
 

Suggested Actions Checklist

Here are corrective, preventive, and investigative actions which organizations may find useful.

    • People
      • Human Error
        • Corrective Actions:
          • Retrain personnel involved in the incident on proper operational safety and lockout/tagout procedures.
        • Preventive Actions:
          • Implement a competency certification program requiring annual revalidation for critical tasks.
        • Investigative Actions:
          • Review incident logs and interview operators to identify gaps in adherence to safety procedures.
      • Inadequate Training
        • Corrective Actions:
          • Conduct targeted refresher training sessions covering emergency response, fire suppression systems, and equipment operation.
        • Preventive Actions:
          • Develop a structured onboarding and continuous training program with periodic skill assessments.
        • Investigative Actions:
          • Audit existing training materials and records to verify completeness and relevance to current plant operations.
    • Process
      • Ineffective Safety Procedures
        • Corrective Actions:
          • Revise and standardize safety procedures to include clear steps for high-risk operations.
        • Preventive Actions:
          • Introduce regular procedural audits and cross-departmental reviews for effectiveness.
        • Investigative Actions:
          • Analyze past incident reports to identify recurring procedural deficiencies.
      • Inadequate Maintenance Scheduling
        • Corrective Actions:
          • Restructure the maintenance calendar to ensure timely inspection and servicing of all critical systems.
        • Preventive Actions:
          • Implement a computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) for real-time tracking and scheduling.
        • Investigative Actions:
          • Review historical maintenance logs to determine missed or delayed activities contributing to system failure.
    • Equipment
      • Fire Detection Failure
        • Corrective Actions:
          • Replace or recalibrate malfunctioning sensors and test the alarm network for responsiveness.
        • Preventive Actions:
          • Schedule periodic sensor calibration and functional testing across all detection units.
        • Investigative Actions:
          • Examine sensor calibration records and failure data to pinpoint causes of delayed detection.
      • Faulty Valves or Seals
        • Corrective Actions:
          • Replace defective valves and seals with manufacturer-approved components.
        • Preventive Actions:
          • Establish a predictive maintenance program including ultrasonic and vibration testing.
        • Investigative Actions:
          • Perform root cause analysis on failed components to assess material degradation or installation errors.
    • Materials
      • Poor Material Compatibility
        • Corrective Actions:
          • Replace incompatible materials with those rated for the specific chemical and pressure conditions.
        • Preventive Actions:
          • Integrate material compatibility checks into procurement and engineering approval workflows.
        • Investigative Actions:
          • Review material specifications and incident samples to confirm the mismatch that led to failure.
      • Volatile Hydrocarbons Leak
        • Corrective Actions:
          • Isolate and repair leaking lines, and verify containment system integrity post-repair.
        • Preventive Actions:
          • Install continuous hydrocarbon leak detection systems near high-risk zones.
        • Investigative Actions:
          • Conduct leak-path analysis to determine how containment barriers were breached.
    • Environment
      • Wind Direction
        • Corrective Actions:
          • Reassess and redesign fire suppression and containment layouts considering prevailing wind patterns.
        • Preventive Actions:
          • Develop emergency response plans with dynamic wind-based containment strategies.
        • Investigative Actions:
          • Analyze meteorological data from the incident period to understand wind influence on fire spread.
      • High Ambient Temperature
        • Corrective Actions:
          • Install additional cooling systems or insulation around temperature-sensitive pipelines.
        • Preventive Actions:
          • Introduce continuous temperature monitoring and alarms for high ambient conditions.
        • Investigative Actions:
          • Examine temperature logs and process parameters to assess thermal stress impacts.
    • Management
      • Inadequate Budget Allocation
        • Corrective Actions:
          • Reallocate funds to prioritize safety-critical upgrades and deferred maintenance projects.
        • Preventive Actions:
          • Integrate safety and maintenance investment metrics into annual budget planning.
        • Investigative Actions:
          • Review financial records to trace underfunded safety programs or delayed modernization projects.
      • Insufficient Safety Culture
        • Corrective Actions:
          • Launch a company-wide safety awareness campaign emphasizing reporting and accountability.
        • Preventive Actions:
          • Establish a lessons learned system to share incident insights and drive cultural reinforcement.
        • Investigative Actions:
          • Conduct employee surveys and focus groups to gauge attitudes toward safety practices.
 

Who can learn from the Chevron Oil Refinery Fire template?

  • Operations and Maintenance Teams: They can learn how procedural lapses, inadequate maintenance scheduling, and delayed inspections contribute to safety risks, helping them strengthen compliance and maintenance discipline.
  • Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) Departments: These teams can understand how gaps in training, emergency preparedness, and safety culture can escalate into major incidents, reinforcing the need for proactive hazard identification and mitigation.
  • Engineering and Technical Teams: They can gain insights into how equipment design, material selection, and monitoring systems influence operational reliability, guiding improvements in engineering standards and system resilience.
  • Management and Leadership: Leaders can learn the importance of prioritizing safety investment, promoting a strong safety culture, and ensuring that production goals never compromise risk management and employee protection.
  • Training and Human Resources Departments: These groups can recognize the value of structured competency programs, continuous learning, and periodic safety drills to enhance workforce readiness and emergency response capabilities.
  • Regulatory and Compliance Officers: They can use the lessons to refine inspection frameworks, audit protocols, and compliance requirements to ensure that safety, maintenance, and operational standards are consistently upheld across the organization.

Why use this template?

The Chevron El Segundo fire provides a stark reminder of how swiftly complex petrochemical systems can face cascading risk from factors across human, technical, material and management categories. A well-executed GEN-AI enabled RCA using a fishbone diagram and Six Sigma disciplines can convert such a crisis into an opportunity for lasting organizational resilience, safer operations, and reduced chance of future incidents.

Use ProSolvr by smartQED to systematically eliminate problems in the refineries and safeguard your infrastructure.

Curated from community experience and public sources:

  • https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cm2zj84vwe9o
  • https://www.nytimes.com/2025/10/03/us/el-segundo-refinery-fire-chevron.html